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Total: 12 msWall time: 11.6 msarray([ 7, 23, 57, 115, 203])Second Execution¶In this section, we have executed our vectorize decorate function a second time with the same array as input and we can notice that it takes even less time compared to the last execution.%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec(arr)CPU times: user 2.97 ms, sys: 0 ns, total: 2.97 msWall time: 2.63 msarray([ 7, 23, 57, 115, 203])Execution with Different Data Type¶In this section, we have executed our vectorize decorated function with our big array by converting it from integer to float array. We can notice from the recorded time that the numba vectorize decorated function takes quite less time compared to all our previous trials.arr = arr.astype(np.float64)%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec(arr)CPU times: user 2.18 ms, sys: 321 µs, total: 2.5 msWall time: 2.14 msarray([ 7., 23., 57., 115., 203.])1.6 Numba Vectorize Decorated and Parallelized Function¶In this section, we have decorated our cube formula function again with @vectorize decorator. But this time, we have set target parameter of the decorator to 'parallel' to check whether using multi-threading improves our results further or not.from numba import vectorize, int64, float32, float64@vectorize([int64(int64), float32(float32), float64(float64)], target="parallel")def cube_formula_numba_vec_paralleled(x): return x**3 + 3*x**2 + 3First Execution¶In this section, we have executed our vectorize-decorated and parallelized function with our big array of integers. We can notice from the results that it's almost the same as that of normal vectorize-decorated. The 'parallel' target value does not seem to have improved results much. We recommend that you try using 'parallel' keyword with your code to check whether it’s improving performance or not as we think that for much bigger arrays it might improve performance though it might not be visible in this example.arr = arr.astype(np.int64)%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec_paralleled(arr)CPU times: user 53.3 ms, sys: 595 µs, total: 53.9 msWall time: 19.5 msarray([ 7, 23, 57, 115,
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203])Second Execution¶In this section, we have executed our vectorize decorated and parallelized function again with the same array to check whether the second run improves performance or not. From the results, we can notice that the time taken is almost the same as the first run hence not much improvement.%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec_paralleled(arr)CPU times: user 22.3 ms, sys: 36.4 ms, total: 58.6 msWall time: 22.2 msarray([ 7, 23, 57, 115, 203])Execution with Different Data Type¶In this section, we have executed our vectorize-decorated and parallelized function with our array of floats. We have converted the input array first to a float array from an integer array. We can notice from the results that there is not much improvement over the normal vectorize-decorated function.arr = arr.astype(np.float64)%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec_paralleled(arr)CPU times: user 39.5 ms, sys: 0 ns, total: 39.5 msWall time: 14.2 msarray([ 7., 23., 57., 115., 203.])1.7 Numba Vectorize Decorated and Cached Function¶In this section, we have again vectorize-decorated our cube formula function. We have also set cache argument of the function to True to check whether it helps in improving performance or not.from numba import vectorize, int64, float32, float64@vectorize([int64(int64), float32(float32), float64(float64)], cache=True)def cube_formula_numba_vec_cached(x): return x**3 + 3*x**2 + 3First Execution¶Below we have executed our vectorize decorated and cached function with our array of 1M integers. We can notice from the results that the time taken is almost the same as that of the normal vectorize decorated function.arr = arr.astype(np.int64)%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec_cached(arr)CPU times: user 2.35 ms, sys: 0 ns, total: 2.35 msWall time: 2.03 msarray([ 7, 23, 57, 115, 203])Second Execution¶Below we have executed our function a second time with the same input to check whether there is any improvement. It seems from the results that the performance is almost the same as that of vectorize-decorated with cache set to False.%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec_cached(arr)CPU times:Total - 107 Total vector logos for free download
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Float32, float64@vectorize([int64(int64,int64), float32(float32,float32), float64(float64,float64)])def cube_formula_numba_vec(x, y): return x**3 + 3*x**2 + yFirst Execution¶In this section, we have executed our vectorize-decorated function with two arrays of an integer as input and recorded the run time of it. We can notice that the time taken is quite less compared to all our previous trials (numpy vectorize, jit-wrapped, and jit-decorated). This is a significant improvement in speed by just decorating our function with @vectorize decorator.arr = arr.astype(np.int64)ys = ys.astype(np.int64)%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec(arr,ys)CPU times: user 10.5 ms, sys: 3.86 ms, total: 14.4 msWall time: 14 msarray([ 8, 21, 57, 115, 202])Second Execution¶In this section, we have again executed our function with the same inputs to check whether the second run is faster compared to the first run. The results are even better compared to the first run.%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec(arr,ys)CPU times: user 3.68 ms, sys: 0 ns, total: 3.68 msWall time: 3.32 msarray([ 8, 21, 57, 115, 202])Execution with Different Data Type¶In this section, we have first modified the data type of our input arrays from integer to float. We have then executed our vectorize-decorated function with these float arrays. We can notice from the recorded time that it took quite less time compared to all our previous trials. The speedup is significant and noticeable.arr = arr.astype(np.float64)ys = ys.astype(np.float64)%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec(arr,ys)CPU times: user 0 ns, sys: 3.48 ms, total: 3.48 msWall time: 3.08 msarray([ 8., 21., 57., 115., 202.])2.6 Numba Vectorize Decorated and Parallelized Function¶In this section, we have decorated our cube formula function with @vectorize decorator but we also have set target parameter to 'parallel' to check whether using multi-threading improves the performance further or not.from numba import vectorize, int64, float32, float64@vectorize([int64(int64,int64), float32(float32,float32), float64(float64,float64)], target="parallel")def cube_formula_numba_vec_paralleled(x, y): return x**3 + 3*x**2 + yFirst Execution¶In this section, we have recorded the time taken by the vectorize-decoratedTotal Vectorize (7 Downloads) - Zedload
We have first converted our array of integers to an array of floats. We have then executed our jit-decorated function with this array of floats. We can notice from the time taken by it that it takes less time compared to numpy vectorized and jit-wrapped functions.arr = arr.astype(np.float64)%%timeres = cube_formula_jitted(arr)CPU times: user 194 ms, sys: 11.1 ms, total: 205 msWall time: 205 ms[7.0, 23.0, 57.0, 115.0, 203.0]1.5 Numba Vectorize Decorated Function¶In this section, we have decorated our cube formula function with @vectorize decorator. The @vectorize decorator requires us to specify possible data types of input and output of the function. It'll then create a compiled version for each data type. The data type should be in order from less memory data type to more memory data type. Below we have highlighted the signature of @vectorize decorator.@vectorize([ret_datatype1(input1_datatype1,input2_datatype1,...), ret_datatype2(input1_datatype2,input2_datatype2,...), ...], target='cpu', cache=False)def func(x): return x*xApart from datatypes, it accepts two other arguments.target - This argument accepts one of the below-mentioned three strings as input specifying how to further speed up code based on available resources.'cpu' - This is default argument. It's used for a single-core (single-threaded) CPU.'parallel' - This argument runs code in parallel on multi-core (multi-threaded) CPU.'cuda' - This argument is set for GPU.cache - This parameter accepts boolean values specifying whether to use caching to speed up reruns of the same function again and again with the same inputs.from numba import vectorize, int64, float32, float64@vectorize([int64(int64), float32(float32), float64(float64)])def cube_formula_numba_vec(x): return x**3 + 3*x**2 + 3First Execution¶In this section, we have executed our @vectorize decorated function with our 1M elements array to check its performance. We can notice from the results that it easily outperforms all our previous trials (numpy vectorized, jit-wrapped, jit-decorated). The improvement in speed up is really big.arr = arr.astype(np.int64)%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec(arr)CPU times: user 8.44 ms, sys: 3.53 ms,Download Total Vectorize 1.0 for Windo
Function to check whether there is any speed up with parallelizing. The results are almost the same as that of the non-parallelized version. Though the results have not improved in our example, we recommend that you try parallelized version once to check whether it’s improving results in your case or not. The multi-threading adds some overhead to processing but with large data, it can be ignored if it's running faster compared to single-threaded runs.arr = arr.astype(np.int64)ys = ys.astype(np.int64)%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec_paralleled(arr,ys)CPU times: user 43.1 ms, sys: 283 µs, total: 43.4 msWall time: 15.8 msarray([ 8, 21, 57, 115, 202])Second Execution¶In this section, we have executed our vectorized function again with the same inputs to check whether there is any improvement in speed up but the results are almost the same as the last run.%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec_paralleled(arr,ys)CPU times: user 39.3 ms, sys: 3.45 ms, total: 42.8 msWall time: 14.8 msarray([ 8, 21, 57, 115, 202])Execution with Different Data Type¶In this section, we have run our vectorized and parallelized cube formula function with inputs of float data type. We can notice from the results that the results are almost the same as previous runs without parallelizing.arr = arr.astype(np.float64)ys = ys.astype(np.float64)%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec_paralleled(arr,ys)CPU times: user 33.3 ms, sys: 0 ns, total: 33.3 msWall time: 11.8 msarray([ 8., 21., 57., 115., 202.])This ends our small tutorial explaining how we can use numba @vectorize decorator to translate a function working on scalars to function working on arrays. We also discussed speed up provided by @vectorize decorator. Please feel free to let us know your views in the comments section.References¶Creating NumPy universal functionsnumba - Make Your Python Functions Run Faster Like C/C++Numba @stencil Decorator: Guide to Improve Performance of Code involving Stencil KernelsNumba @guvectorize Decorator: Generalized Universal FunctionsHow to Speed up Code involving Pandas DataFrame using Numba?Total Vectorize :: Convert image to WMF. Vectorize it!
Which results were stored. We have decorated our function with @jit decorator to speed it up.from numba import jit@jit(nopython=True)def cube_formula_jitted(x, y): xs = [] for i,j in zip(x,y): xs.append(i**3 + 3*i**2 + j) return xsFirst Execution¶In this section, we have executed our function using two input arrays of integers which we had created earlier. We can notice from the recorded time that it takes less time compared to the numpy vectorized and jit-wrapped functions. We have further speed up our function with these changes.arr = arr.astype(np.int64)ys = ys.astype(np.int64)%%timeres = cube_formula_jitted(arr, ys)CPU times: user 126 ms, sys: 11.7 ms, total: 138 msWall time: 137 msSecond Execution¶In this section, we have executed our jit-decorated function again with the same parameters as input to check whether the second run with the same input takes less time or more to execute. From the results, we can notice that the second run with the same parameters takes quite less time compared to the first run.%%timeres = cube_formula_jitted(arr, ys)CPU times: user 24.3 ms, sys: 16.2 ms, total: 40.5 msWall time: 46.2 msExecution with Different Data Type¶In this section, we have executed our jit-decorated function with inputs converted to float data type. We can notice from the results that the time taken is almost the same as that taken by the jit-wrapped function.arr = arr.astype(np.float64)ys = ys.astype(np.float64)%%timeres = cube_formula_jitted(arr, ys)CPU times: user 147 ms, sys: 11.7 ms, total: 158 msWall time: 157 ms[8.0, 21.0, 57.0, 115.0, 202.0]2.5 Numba Vectorize Decorated Function¶In this section, we have decorated our cube formula function with @vectorize decorator to check whether we can further improve performance using this decorator. Please take a look at the signature of the data type provided inside of @vectorize decorator. They are two entries inside of parenthesis because we have two input arrays.from numba import vectorize, int64,. Free Total Vector Icon in SVG format. Download Free Total Vector and icons for commercial use. Total SVG vector illustration graphic art design format.SVG Vector vectors. Download full version: Download full version of Total Vectorize (crack included) Get the full version of Total Vectorize (serial included) Access the full version of Total Vectorize (torrent) Total Vectorize 0 serial numbers found on Smart Serials database.
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User 3.05 ms, sys: 7.6 ms, total: 10.6 msWall time: 10.5 msarray([ 7, 23, 57, 115, 203])Example 2 ¶In this section, we have created another example of demonstrating the use of @vectorize decorator. We have created a new function that works on two inputs hence our vectorized functions will take two arrays as input. This example will help understand how we can vectorize functions with multiple inputs.2.1 Normal Function for Scalars¶In this section, we have modified the definition of our cube formula function to accept 2 parameters instead of one. We have added one more parameter whose value replaces the constant value which we were adding to our formula. The new formula x^3 + 3x^2 + y now requires two parameters x and y as input.def cube_formula(x, y): return x**3 + 3*x**2 + y2.2 Numpy Vectorized Function¶In this section, we have vectorized our new cube formula function using np.vectorize() function.After vectorizing, we have created two input arrays of size 1M each and executed our function with these two arrays as input for x and y. We have also recorded the time taken by the function to execute using %%time magic command. We'll be comparing this output with various numba decorated functions to check whether numba decorators (@jit and @vectorize) are speeding up this function or not.vectorized_cube_formula = np.vectorize(cube_formula)vectorized_cube_formulaarr = np.arange(1,1000001, dtype=np.int64)ys = np.random.randint(1, 10, size=1000000, dtype=np.int64)%%timeres = vectorized_cube_formula(arr, ys)CPU times: user 521 ms, sys: 43.2 ms, total: 564 msWall time: 563 msarray([ 8, 21, 57, 115, 202])2.3 Numba JIT Wrapped Function¶In this section, we have wrapped our cube formula function inside of jit() function provided by numba. Our function is designed in a way that it can work on an array as well.from numba import jitcube_formula_jitted = jit(cube_formula)First Execution¶In this section, we have executed our jit-wrapped function with two inputVectorize Bitmap Software Informer: Total Vectorize
Numba is a python library that translates a subset of our python code into low-level machine code using LLVM compiler to speed up our existing python code. In order to speed up our code, it generally does not require many changes to our code, using one of the decorators (@jit, @vectorize, etc) provided by numba generally works very well. Numba works well on functions that involve python loops or numpy arrays. When we decorate our existing function with a numba decorator, it compiles the part of the function code which it can translate to lower-level machine code. The lower level machine-translated part of the function runs faster and speeds up the function. Many times, numba can translate whole function code as well to lower level machine instructions. We have already covered another tutorial where we have discussed numba @jit decorator. Please feel free to check it if you are interested in learning about @jit decorator.Numba @jit DecoratorIn this tutorial, we'll be discussing another important decorator provided by numba named @vectorize. The concept behind the vectorize decorator is the same as that of the numpy vectorize() function. It translates any function which works on single scalar input to a function that can work on an array of scalars. The numpy commonly refers to such function as ufunc or universal function. In our tutorial, we'll be taking a simple function that works on scalar and converting it to universal functions using NumPy’s vectorize() method and numba's @vectorize decorators. We'll then run these modified functions to check their performance for comparison. We'll also decorate the function to a loop-based function and decorate with @jit decorator to check the performance. We'll also compare the performance of @vectorize decorator with different arguments.Below we have highlighted important sections of the tutorial to give an overview of. Free Total Vector Icon in SVG format. Download Free Total Vector and icons for commercial use. Total SVG vector illustration graphic art design format.SVG Vector vectors.Download Total Vectorize 1.0 for Windows - Filehippo.com
The material covered.Important Sections of Tutorial¶Example 1 - Function with Single Scalar InputNormal Function with ScalarNumpy Vectorized Function (np.vectorize())Numba JIT Wrapped (jit()) FunctionFirst ExecutionSecond ExecutionExecution with Different Data TypeLoop-based and Numba JIT Decorated ((@jit)) FunctionNumba Vectorize Decorated (@vectorize) FunctionNumba Vectorize Decorated (@vectorize) and Parallelized FunctionNumba Vectorize Decorated (@vectorize) and Cached FunctionExample 2 - Function with 2 Scalar InputsWe'll start by importing necessary libraries (numba and numpy).import numbaprint("Numba Version : {}".format(numba.__version__))Example 1 ¶In this section, we'll create a simple function that works single scalar, vectorize it with numpy and numba. We'll then compare the performance of various methods.1.1 Normal Function with Scalar¶Below we created a simple function that takes as input a single scalar value and evaluates formula x^3 + 3x^2 + 3. We'll be vectorizing this function to make it work on arrays of numbers using different methods and measure the performance of various methods.def cube_formula(x): return x**3 + 3*x**2 + 3cube_formula(5)1.2 Numpy Vectorized Function¶In this section, we have vectorized our cube_formula() function using np.vectorize() function. The np.vectorize() function takes as input any function and make it run on numpy array. The function wrapped inside of np.vectorize() will run faster compared to same function run as python loop through array.vectorized_cube_formula = np.vectorize(cube_formula)vectorized_cube_formulaAfter vectorizing the function, we have created an array of 1M numbers and called our vectorized function to execute on this array. We have also recorded the time taken by numpy vectorized function using %%time cell function of jupyter notebook. At last, we have printed a few values of the results.If you are interested in learning about cell magic commands (like %%time) available in jupyter notebook then please feel free to check our tutorial on the same. It covers the majority of jupyter notebook magic commands.List of Useful Magic Commands in Jupyter Notebook/Labarr = np.arange(1, 1000000, dtype=np.int64)%%timeres = vectorized_cube_formula(arr)CPUComments
Total: 12 msWall time: 11.6 msarray([ 7, 23, 57, 115, 203])Second Execution¶In this section, we have executed our vectorize decorate function a second time with the same array as input and we can notice that it takes even less time compared to the last execution.%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec(arr)CPU times: user 2.97 ms, sys: 0 ns, total: 2.97 msWall time: 2.63 msarray([ 7, 23, 57, 115, 203])Execution with Different Data Type¶In this section, we have executed our vectorize decorated function with our big array by converting it from integer to float array. We can notice from the recorded time that the numba vectorize decorated function takes quite less time compared to all our previous trials.arr = arr.astype(np.float64)%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec(arr)CPU times: user 2.18 ms, sys: 321 µs, total: 2.5 msWall time: 2.14 msarray([ 7., 23., 57., 115., 203.])1.6 Numba Vectorize Decorated and Parallelized Function¶In this section, we have decorated our cube formula function again with @vectorize decorator. But this time, we have set target parameter of the decorator to 'parallel' to check whether using multi-threading improves our results further or not.from numba import vectorize, int64, float32, float64@vectorize([int64(int64), float32(float32), float64(float64)], target="parallel")def cube_formula_numba_vec_paralleled(x): return x**3 + 3*x**2 + 3First Execution¶In this section, we have executed our vectorize-decorated and parallelized function with our big array of integers. We can notice from the results that it's almost the same as that of normal vectorize-decorated. The 'parallel' target value does not seem to have improved results much. We recommend that you try using 'parallel' keyword with your code to check whether it’s improving performance or not as we think that for much bigger arrays it might improve performance though it might not be visible in this example.arr = arr.astype(np.int64)%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec_paralleled(arr)CPU times: user 53.3 ms, sys: 595 µs, total: 53.9 msWall time: 19.5 msarray([ 7, 23, 57, 115,
2025-03-29203])Second Execution¶In this section, we have executed our vectorize decorated and parallelized function again with the same array to check whether the second run improves performance or not. From the results, we can notice that the time taken is almost the same as the first run hence not much improvement.%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec_paralleled(arr)CPU times: user 22.3 ms, sys: 36.4 ms, total: 58.6 msWall time: 22.2 msarray([ 7, 23, 57, 115, 203])Execution with Different Data Type¶In this section, we have executed our vectorize-decorated and parallelized function with our array of floats. We have converted the input array first to a float array from an integer array. We can notice from the results that there is not much improvement over the normal vectorize-decorated function.arr = arr.astype(np.float64)%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec_paralleled(arr)CPU times: user 39.5 ms, sys: 0 ns, total: 39.5 msWall time: 14.2 msarray([ 7., 23., 57., 115., 203.])1.7 Numba Vectorize Decorated and Cached Function¶In this section, we have again vectorize-decorated our cube formula function. We have also set cache argument of the function to True to check whether it helps in improving performance or not.from numba import vectorize, int64, float32, float64@vectorize([int64(int64), float32(float32), float64(float64)], cache=True)def cube_formula_numba_vec_cached(x): return x**3 + 3*x**2 + 3First Execution¶Below we have executed our vectorize decorated and cached function with our array of 1M integers. We can notice from the results that the time taken is almost the same as that of the normal vectorize decorated function.arr = arr.astype(np.int64)%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec_cached(arr)CPU times: user 2.35 ms, sys: 0 ns, total: 2.35 msWall time: 2.03 msarray([ 7, 23, 57, 115, 203])Second Execution¶Below we have executed our function a second time with the same input to check whether there is any improvement. It seems from the results that the performance is almost the same as that of vectorize-decorated with cache set to False.%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec_cached(arr)CPU times:
2025-04-02Float32, float64@vectorize([int64(int64,int64), float32(float32,float32), float64(float64,float64)])def cube_formula_numba_vec(x, y): return x**3 + 3*x**2 + yFirst Execution¶In this section, we have executed our vectorize-decorated function with two arrays of an integer as input and recorded the run time of it. We can notice that the time taken is quite less compared to all our previous trials (numpy vectorize, jit-wrapped, and jit-decorated). This is a significant improvement in speed by just decorating our function with @vectorize decorator.arr = arr.astype(np.int64)ys = ys.astype(np.int64)%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec(arr,ys)CPU times: user 10.5 ms, sys: 3.86 ms, total: 14.4 msWall time: 14 msarray([ 8, 21, 57, 115, 202])Second Execution¶In this section, we have again executed our function with the same inputs to check whether the second run is faster compared to the first run. The results are even better compared to the first run.%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec(arr,ys)CPU times: user 3.68 ms, sys: 0 ns, total: 3.68 msWall time: 3.32 msarray([ 8, 21, 57, 115, 202])Execution with Different Data Type¶In this section, we have first modified the data type of our input arrays from integer to float. We have then executed our vectorize-decorated function with these float arrays. We can notice from the recorded time that it took quite less time compared to all our previous trials. The speedup is significant and noticeable.arr = arr.astype(np.float64)ys = ys.astype(np.float64)%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec(arr,ys)CPU times: user 0 ns, sys: 3.48 ms, total: 3.48 msWall time: 3.08 msarray([ 8., 21., 57., 115., 202.])2.6 Numba Vectorize Decorated and Parallelized Function¶In this section, we have decorated our cube formula function with @vectorize decorator but we also have set target parameter to 'parallel' to check whether using multi-threading improves the performance further or not.from numba import vectorize, int64, float32, float64@vectorize([int64(int64,int64), float32(float32,float32), float64(float64,float64)], target="parallel")def cube_formula_numba_vec_paralleled(x, y): return x**3 + 3*x**2 + yFirst Execution¶In this section, we have recorded the time taken by the vectorize-decorated
2025-04-12We have first converted our array of integers to an array of floats. We have then executed our jit-decorated function with this array of floats. We can notice from the time taken by it that it takes less time compared to numpy vectorized and jit-wrapped functions.arr = arr.astype(np.float64)%%timeres = cube_formula_jitted(arr)CPU times: user 194 ms, sys: 11.1 ms, total: 205 msWall time: 205 ms[7.0, 23.0, 57.0, 115.0, 203.0]1.5 Numba Vectorize Decorated Function¶In this section, we have decorated our cube formula function with @vectorize decorator. The @vectorize decorator requires us to specify possible data types of input and output of the function. It'll then create a compiled version for each data type. The data type should be in order from less memory data type to more memory data type. Below we have highlighted the signature of @vectorize decorator.@vectorize([ret_datatype1(input1_datatype1,input2_datatype1,...), ret_datatype2(input1_datatype2,input2_datatype2,...), ...], target='cpu', cache=False)def func(x): return x*xApart from datatypes, it accepts two other arguments.target - This argument accepts one of the below-mentioned three strings as input specifying how to further speed up code based on available resources.'cpu' - This is default argument. It's used for a single-core (single-threaded) CPU.'parallel' - This argument runs code in parallel on multi-core (multi-threaded) CPU.'cuda' - This argument is set for GPU.cache - This parameter accepts boolean values specifying whether to use caching to speed up reruns of the same function again and again with the same inputs.from numba import vectorize, int64, float32, float64@vectorize([int64(int64), float32(float32), float64(float64)])def cube_formula_numba_vec(x): return x**3 + 3*x**2 + 3First Execution¶In this section, we have executed our @vectorize decorated function with our 1M elements array to check its performance. We can notice from the results that it easily outperforms all our previous trials (numpy vectorized, jit-wrapped, jit-decorated). The improvement in speed up is really big.arr = arr.astype(np.int64)%%timeres = cube_formula_numba_vec(arr)CPU times: user 8.44 ms, sys: 3.53 ms,
2025-04-18