Extended operating system loader

Presentation on theme: "Chapter 3 Loaders and Linkers"— Presentation transcript: 1 Chapter 3 Loaders and LinkersAssembler Linker Source Program Object Code Executable Code Loader 2 3.1 Basic Loader FunctionsIn Chapter 2, we discussions Loading: brings the OP into memory for execution Relocating: modifies the OP so that it can be loaded at an address different form the location originally specified. Linking: combines two or more separate OP In Chapter 3, we will discussion A loader brings an object program into memory and starting its execution. A linker performs the linking operations and a separate loader to handle relocation and loading. 3 3.1 Basic Loader Functions 3.1.1 Design of an Absolute LoaderAbsolute loader, in Figures 3.1 and 3.2. Does not perform linking and program relocation. The contents of memory locations for which there is no Text record are shown as xxxx. Each byte of assembled code is given using its Hex representation in character form. 4 3.1.1 Design of an Absolute LoaderAbsolute loader, in Figure 3.1 and 3.2. STL instruction, pair of characters 14, when these are read by loader, they will occupy two bytes of memory. 14 (Hex 31 34) ----> (one byte) For execution, the operation code must be store in a single byte with hexadecimal value 14. Each pair of bytes must be packed together into one byte. Each printed character represents one half-byte. 5 6 7 3.1.2 A Simple Bootstrap LoaderA bootstrap loader, Figure 3.3. Loads the first program to be run by the computer--- usually an operating system. The bootstrap itself begins at address 0 in the memory. It loads the OS or some other program starting at address 80. 8 3.1.2 A Simple Bootstrap LoaderA bootstrap loader, Figure 3.3. Each byte of object code to be loaded is represented on device F1 as two Hex digits (by GETC subroutines). The ASCII code for the character 0 (Hex 30) is converted to the numeric value 0. The object code from device F1 is always loaded into consecutive bytes of memory, starting at address 80. 9 10 11 3.2 Machine-Dependent Loader FeaturesAbsolute loader has several potential disadvantages. The actual address at which it will be loaded into memory. Cannot run several independent programs together, sharing memory between them. It difficult to use subroutine libraries efficiently. More complex loader. Relocation Linking Linking loader 12 3.2.1 Relocation Relocating loaders, two methods:Modification record (for SIC/XE) Relocation bit (for SIC) 13 14 15 16 3.2.1 Relocation Modification record, Figure 3.4 and 3.5.To described each part of the object code that must be changed when the program is relocated. The extended format instructions on lines 15, 35, and 65 are affected by relocation. (absolute addressing) In this example, all modifications add the

Ultimate Boot CD is completely free for the download, or could be obtained for a small fee. If you had somehow paid a ridiculous amount of money for it, you have most likely been fleeced. The least you could do is to make as many copies of the offical UBCD and pass it to your friends, relatives, colleagues or even complete strangers to minimize the per unit cost of your loss! Please note that some of the freeware on UBCD explicitly prohibits redistribution for commercial purposes eg. DIMM_ID. If you intend to resell UBCD for commercial gains, please contact the respective authors for their permissions. If you like trying out new stuff, please check out an early beta version of UBCD Live and give us your feedback. This is a Live Rescue CD based on Debian, which we hope will eventually be good enough to replace Parted Magic. When you boot up from the CD, a text-based menu will be displayed, and you will be able to select the tool you want to run. The selected tool actually boots off a virtual floppy disk created in memory. Name of ToolVersionLicenseNotes /BIOS !BIOS3.20Freeware BIOS1.35.0Freeware Website says V1.35.1, but program displays V1.35.0. CMOSPWD5.0GPL KEYDiskn/aFreeware PC CMOS Cleaner2.0Freeware Included as module in Parted Magic. Q&D Vital Data Manager1.4hFreeware WipeCMOS1.2Freeware /CPU CPUstress2.5.4Freeware CPUburn1.4aGPL Included in CPUstress. CPU Burn-in1.00Freeware Included in CPUstress. The Linux version which is included in UBCD is at V1.00. V1.01 applies to Windows only. CPUinfon/aGPL Included in CPUstress. CPUID2.19GPL Intel Optimized LINPACK Benchmark11.2.0Freeware Included in CPUstress. Intel Processor Frequency ID (P3 and below)7.2Freeware Intel Processor Identification Utility (P4 and above)5.30Freeware Mersenne Prime Test23.9.2Free software Included in CPUstress. Mersenne Prime Test28.5Free software Included in CPUstress. Stress1.04GPL Included in CPUstress. StressCPU (requires CPU with SSE)2.0GPL Included in CPUstress. System Stability Tester1.5.1GPL Included in CPUstress. x86test0.10aGPL /HDD/Boot Management BOOTMGR05-AUG-2012Freeware Boot Partition2.60Freeware EditBINI1.01.1Freeware GAG (Graphical Boot Manager)4.10GPL Gujin2.8.7GPL MBRtool2.3.200Freeware MBRWork1.08Freeware PLoP Boot Manager5.0.15Free for personal use Smart BootManager3.7.1GPL SPFDISK (Special FDISK)2000-03vFreeware Super Grub Disk0.9799GPL Super Grub2 Disk2.00s8GPL XFDISK (Extended FDISK)0.9.3 betaFreeware XOSL (Extended Operating System Loader)1.1.5GPL XOSL-OW (Extended Operating System Loader)1.1.6GPL /HDD/Data Recovery Q&D Unit/Track/Head/Sector1.3jFreeware Offline NT Password & Registry Editor140201 n/a PCLoginNow2.0Freeware Included as module in Parted Magic. PCRegEdit1.0Freeware Included as module in Parted Magic. PhotoRec7.1GPL Included in Parted Magic. TestDisk7.1GPL Included in Parted Magic. /HDD/Device Info and Management AMSET (Maxtor)4.00Freeware ATAINF1.3Freeware ATA Password Tool1.1Freeware Change Definition Utility (for Fujitsu M16xx/M2915 HDDs)n/aFreeware DiskCheck4.3.0Freeware DISKINFO1.02Freeware ESFeat (ExcelStor)2.30Freeware Feature Tool (IBM/Hitachi)2.15Freeware GSmartControl0.8.6GPL Included in Parted Magic. SMARTUDM2.00Freeware UATA100 (Seagate)3.06Freeware UDMA Utility (for Fujitsu MPD/MPE/MPF series HDDs)1.13Freeware UDMA Utility (for Fujitsu MPG series HDDs)1.17Freeware Ultra ATA Manager (Western Digital)June, 2003Freeware WDIDLE3 (Western Digital)1.05Freeware /HDD/Diagnosis ATA Diagnostic Tool (Fujitsu)7.0Freeware Data Lifeguard Diagnostic for DOS (Western Digital)5.27Freeware Data Lifeguard Diagnostic for DOS (Western Digital)5.21Freeware Latest V5.22 has the note in version history "Removed missing test tracks check". Since we are uncertain of the impact of this change, older version has been included just in case. Data Lifeguard Diagnostic for DOS (Western Digital)4.15Freeware V5.x has been reported not to work

- Copy the .raw file to an USB stick using SUSE Studio Image Writer If you have error during copy, eject and re-connect the pen drive. When Windows asks if you want to format it, cancel and run Image Writer again. If the problem persists, disable your anti-virus software, it may be blocking raw write to the drive. Another Image Writer for Windows, if SUSE doesn't work - Boot the USB drive and install. Default boot loader is Clover If you want to use Chameleon press 1 at boot0 screen If you need, use TransMac to delete kexts which are causing problems (System/Library/Extensions) and delete kernelcache (System/Library/Caches/com.apple.kext.caches/Startup) If boot stops right before reaching the installer, or graphics aren't working right, delete video kexts: ATI = ATI* Intel = AppleIntelHD* and AppleIntelSNB* nVidia = GeForce* and NVDA* You can also move kexts booting with flag -s (single user mode)fsck -fymount -uw /mkdir /kext_backupcd /System/Library/Extensionsmv AppleIntelHD* AppleIntelSNB* ATI* GeForce* NVDA* /kext_backuprm ../Caches/com.apple.kext.caches/Startup/kernelcachereboot You need at least one free partition, use Disk Utility (in the Utilities menu) to erase it as Mac Os Extended (Journaled). If you want to install the boot loader in this partition and you use MBR (not GUID, like if you already have Windows in the HD), it must be a primary (not extended/logical) partition. Wait for the installation to finish and restart. - Boot the USB drive, then choose to boot the HD you just installed OS X (not the installer USB again). - Install boot loader to the HD. - Install essential and other kexts you may need (network, audio, etc). FakeSMC.kext is always needed While you don't have power management fixed, you will probably need NullCPUPowerManagement.kext NullCPUPowerManagement.kext.zip If you use PS/2 keyboard or a laptop you will need VoodooPS2Controller.kext - When you format the USB drive

Help Documents Getting Started Supported Operating Systems Supported file systems Supported storage devices How to enable system extension How to activate M3 BitLocker Loader for Mac How to open BitLocker encrypted drive on Mac How to encrypt an external drive with BitLocker on Mac Preferences How to quit M3 BitLocker Loader for Mac? How to remove/uninstall M3 BitLocker Loader for Mac from Mac computer? FAQ Getting Started M3 BitLocker Loader for Mac is a simple and easy-to-use app which can unlock BitLocker encrypted drive and enable to read/write BitLocker encrypted drive after user provides the password or BitLocker recovery key, encrypt external drive with BitLocker on macOS 15/14/13/12/11/10.15/10.14/10.13. Supported Operating Systems macOS 15 (Sequoia), macOS 14 (Sonoma), macOS 13 (Ventura), macOS 12 (Monterey), macOS 11 (Big Sur), macOS 10.15 (Catalina), macOS 10.14 (Mojave), macOS 10.13 (High Sierra) Supported file systems NTFS, FAT32 and exFAT file systems. Supported storage devices Hard drive, external hard drive, USB drive, flash drive, pen drive, memory card, CF card, etc. How to enable system extension? If you are using macOS 10.13 High Sierra and later version, allow system extension to install the component of M3 BitLocker Loader for Mac. If you are using Apple Silicon M4, M3, M2, M1 Mac, read our article: How to enable system extension on Apple Silicon M4, M3, M2, M1, M1 Pro, M1 Max Mac. Open System Preferences > Security & Privacy > General tab. Click the lock to make the changes. Click Allow "System software from developer "Chengdu Aibo Tech Co., Ltd." was blocked from loading" or click "Details..." under "Some system software requires your attention before it can be used" to approve the developer: "Chengdu Aibo Tech Co., Ltd.". If you don't see allow option, please click "Reload it" in the setup window to reload system extension and

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